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The Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM) (literally: ''Geological and mining research bureau'') is the French government geological survey〔(BRGM website )〕 (administratively, a "public administration with industrial and commercial purpose") (EPIC) which aim is the management of resources, and surface and sub-surface risks. It was established in 1959 as a research and consultancy agency〔(Decree 559-1205 of October 23, 1959, on the administrative and financial organization of the Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières ), JORF 247 du of October 23, 1959, p.10139–10141, on Légifrance website〕 from the merging of the ''Bureau de recherches géologiques, géophysiques et minières'' and the ''Bureau minier de la France d'outre-mer''. It is under the supervision of the (Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, English: Ministry of Higher Education and Research).〔(Decree No. 59-1205 of 23 October 1959 relating to the financial and administrative management of BRGM ), current version, on .〕 Its headquarters are located in central Paris and the scientific and technical center is at Orleans. The BRGM employs approximately 1,100 people in its scientific and technical center, including more than 700 engineers and researchers, in 32 regional branches in metropolitan France and overseas territories.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BRGM annual report 2012 )〕 The agency is tasked with five functions: scientific research, support for public policies, international cooperation, mining safety, and Higher and continuing education. == History and origins == In 1959, the agency was established by a French decree.〔(Decree No. 59-1205 of 23 october 1959 relating to financial and administrative management of the Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières ), JORF No. 247 of 24 october 1959, pp. 10139–10141, on .〕 The BRGM is a product of the union of: # The (Bureau de recherches géologiques, géophysiques et minières, Eng: Geological, geophysical and mining research office). Established by Edmond Friedel and Pierre Pruvost in 1941, the BRGG was tasked with the mapping of French sub-surfaces, and # The (Bureau minier de la France d'outre-mer, Eng: French Overseas territories mining office). After its merger with the French geological survey in 1968 which latter was established in 1868 by , the BRGM was responsible for the surveying and publication of geologic maps of the French territory. The general public can freely consult the surveyed and published geological maps on the BRGM web portal,〔(BRGM's geographic information system )〕 and as from 12 April 2010, on Android and iOS.〔(App available for Android, mobile phones and iOS )〕 In 2002, the BRGM undertook a deep reconsideration of its corporate identity. The field of geology, geophysics and mining seemed too narrow a scope for its operations. In the same vein, while responding to greater environmental problems such as water pollution, post-mining activities, natural risks, atmospheric carbon dioxide sequestration, waste management, environmental remediation and developing a climate of measurement systems and information, the BRGM adopted the signature, ''Géosciences pour une Terre durable'' ("英語:Geoscience for a sustainable Earth") on 14 January 2003.〔Community Trade Mark No. 3007705 (Search according to number ), on the site ; (Search in CTM-ONLINE ) on the site .〕 Then, in 2004, the abbreviation, BRGM, became official.〔(Article 2, decree No. 2004-991 of 20 September 2004 which modified the decree No. 59-1205 of 23 October 1959 relating to the financial and administrative management of the Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières ), JORF No. 221 of 22 September 2004, p. 16400, text No. 3, MENK0401779D, on Légifrance.〕 The BRGM undertakes an in-house development of its method of governance, its quality assurance controls (including quality edits and environmental responsibility) by shaping its tasks, skills and funding to the evolutions of the establishment. This is also coordinated with its international scientific partners (81 projects carried out over the 2009-2012 period), including the promotion of international networks.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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